1960 valdivia earthquake

Earthquakes are more common in some parts of the world than others, because some places, like California, sit on top of the meeting point, or fault, of two plates. Valdivia after the 22 May earthquake. The 1960 Valdivia earthquake (Spanish: Terremoto de Valdivia) or Great Chilean earthquake (Gran terremoto de Chile) of 22 May is the most powerful earthquake ever recorded. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Originating off the coast of southern Chile, this huge temblor caused substantial damage and loss of life both in that country and—as a result of the tsunamis that it generated—in distant Pacific coastal areas. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The 1960 Valdivia earthquake struck Chile on the afternoon of 22nd May 1960, causing widespread damage with Valdivia being the most affected city. The waves caused millions of dollars of damage at Hilo Bay on the main island of Hawaii, where they also killed 61 people. Learn more about environmental hazards with this curated resource collection. The 1960 Valdivia earthquake or Great Chilean Earthquake of Sunday, 22 May 1960 is to date the most powerful megathrust earthquake ever recorded on Earth, rating 9.5 on the moment magnitude scale. It occurred in the afternoon (19:11 GMT, 15:11 local time), and lasted approximately 10 minutes. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. The shock is generally agreed to have had a magnitude of 9.5, though some studies alternately proposed that it may have been 9.4 or 9.6. The movements of these plates can build mountains or cause volcanoes to erupt. The Nazca plate is a large tectonic plate that underlies the Pacific Ocean near the western coast of South America. Homes in Valdivia, Chile, destroyed by the earthquake of 1960. The 1960 Valdivia earthquake or Great Chilean Earthquake of 22 May, 1960 is the most powerful earthquake ever recorded, rating 9.5 on the moment magnitude scale. About 3,000 people were injured. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. The Great Chilean Earthquake occurred in the afternoon (15:11 local time) and its resulting tsunami affected southern Chile, Hawaii, Japan, the Philippines, eastern New Zealand, southeast Australia, and the Aleuti… Contents [hide show] Description; Selected Topics; External Resources; On May 22, 1960, a Mw 9.5 earthquake, the largest earthquake ever instrumentally recorded, occurred in southern Chile. With a magnitude of 9.5, the earthquake was the most powerful such event of the 20th century. It is the most powerful earthquake recorded in the history of humanity. The event was named after the city most affected by the quake, Valdivia. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. The surface of the Earth is made up of tectonic plates that lie beneath both the land and oceans of our planet. The 1960 Chile earthquake was caused by the Nazca plate releasing tension and descending 15 meters underneath the South American Plate. The Valdivia Earthquake took place on the southern coast of Chile, near the city of Valdivia at 3:11 pm (local time) on May 22, 1960. When those plates scrape against each other and cause an earthquake, the results can be deadly and devastating. Learn more about earthquakes with this curated collection of classroom resources. in English from Illinois State University in 2005. The earthquake killed 1,655 people, injured 3,000, caused 2,000,000 homeless, and caused $550,000,000 in damage. The magnitude 9.5 Chilean earthquake in 1960 was the largest earthquake ever instrumentally recorded. The magnitude of the Valdivia earthquake was between 9.4 – 9.6 which makes it the most powerful earthquake ever recorded. Two days later the Cordón Caulle volcano in Chile’s Lake District erupted after nearly 40 years of inactivity, an event thought by some seismologists to be linked to the quake. The Valdivia earthquake of 1960 was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded. It is subducting under (that is, being forced under) the South American plate. At 3:11 p.m. local time (19:11 UT) the quake reached a value of M w 9.5 on the moment magnitude scale. Find the perfect 1960 Valdivia Earthquake stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. The force of the sudden movement along a roughly 560–620-mile (900–1,000-km) stretch of the Nazca plate pushed part of the leading edge of the South American plate upward. The largest earthquake ever recorded by instruments struck southern Chile on May 22, 1960. • Sunday, 22 May 1960 at 3:11 pm, the most powerful earthquake ever recorded struck Chile with a magnitude of 9.5 on the moment magnitude scale. A series of foreshocks the previous day had warned of the incipient disaster; one, of magnitude 8.1, caused major destruction in Concepción. On May 22, 1960, the stress built up by years of increasing compressional force between the rocks of one plate and another was released by fracturing rocks. Above the interface, two offshore seismicity clusters possibly indicate ongoing stress relaxation. She or he will best know the preferred format. 1960 Valdivia Earthquake Made by: Rhythm Dhaka 7D 2. edge of land along the sea or other large body of water. Corrections? On May 22, 1960, the most powerful earthquake in recorded history— magnitude 9.5—struck southern Chile. The Cordón-Caulle volcano erupting, Los Lagos, Chile, May 24, 1960. The combined effects of the disaster left two million people homeless. The tsunami traveled across the Pacific Ocean in the hours after the earthquake; the waves killed 61 people in Hawaii, nearly 140 in Japan, and 32 in the Philippines. Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students. • Henning Illies: Randpazifische Tektonik und Vulkanismus im südlichen Chile. Explore major (magnitude of 7.0 or higher) global earthquakes between 1950-2020 filtered from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Earthquake Catalog. …were severely damaged in the 1960 earthquake and by the ensuing tsunami. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. My reaserach focused on the nearest city to the epicenter; Valdivia, Chile (39.8º S Lat.,73.24º W Long. Back to the top. Debris from buildings damaged by a nearly 35-foot (11-metre) tsunami, Hilo, Hawaii island, Hawaii. Also known as the Great Chilean earthquake , it was a 9.5 M W earthquake making it the most powerful ever recorded till date. Many earthquake experts have studied it and placed it at … The magnitude of the 1960 earthquake in Chile is roughly 1.3 times that of Haiti's 2010 earthquake. In the coastal village Collileufu, native Lafkenches carried out a ritual human sacrifice during the days following the main earthquake. The 1960 Valdivia earthquake and the 1985 Algarrobo earthquake both caused damage in Santiago, and led to the development of strict building codes with a view to minimising future earthquake damage. All rights reserved. Code of Ethics. increase in the price of goods and services. The Valdivia earthquake on May 22, 1960, also known as the Great Chile Earthquake, was a megathrust earthquake with the largest magnitude ever recorded in the world and the heaviest earthquake of the 20th century. Megathrust earthquakes generate tsunamis (known as teletsunamis) that can cross entire oceans. Valdivia Earthquake of 1960. The environmental hazards you face depend on where you live. Mai 1960 war das stärkste Erdbeben, das jemals registriert wurde. 1145 17th Street NW Originating off the coast of southern Chile on May 22, 1960, the temblor caused substantial damage and loss of life both in that country and—as a result of the tsunamis that it generated—in distant Pacific coastal areas. It occurred in the afternoon (3:11 pm local time), and the resulting tsunami affected southern Chile, Hawaii, Japan, the Philippines, eastern New Zealand, southeast Australia, and the Aleutian Islands in Alaska. Map depicting the epicentre of the earthquake off the coast of Chile, May 22, 1960. (2002) 127,750; (2017) municipality, 166,080.…. The 1960 Chilean earthquake is the largest earthquake that has been measured on a seismograph, reaching 9.5 magnitude on 22 May 1960. The earthquake that struck near Valdivia, Chile, in 1960 was the most powerful temblor in recorded history. Several coastal towns were inundated by a 25-metre (80-foot) tsunami. The first three quakes, all registering in the planet's top 10 by magnitude for 1960, are grouped together as the 1960 Concepción earthquakes. the sudden shaking of Earth's crust caused by the release of energy along fault lines or from volcanic activity. The Chile earthquake of 1960 remains the largest earthquake recorded to date. Newsreel describing the Chile earthquake of 1960. The shock of this upward thrust also pushed the water above the plate boundary upward, creating a wave that moved outward in all directions. How the biggest earthquake in the world - 1960 Valdivia Earthquake occurred? The Earthquake Event Page application supports most recent browsers, view supported browsers. He was a research editor with Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. from 2008 to 2016 and worked on Britannica Blog from 2010... Homes in Valdivia, Chile, destroyed by the earthquake of 1960. The first was the 8.1 M w Concepción earthquake, and the strongest was the Valdivia earthquake. The 1960 Chilean earthquakes were a sequence of strong earthquakes that affected Chile between 21 May and 6 June 1960. Chile earthquake of 1960, the largest earthquake recorded in the 20th century. It occurred in the afternoon (19:11 GMT, 15:11 local time), and lasted approximately 10 minutes. Various studies have placed it at 9.4–9.6 on the moment magnitude scale. This permanently altered the shorelines of much of the area in Chile impacted by the earthquake, renderin… Isobase contours (dotted where inferred) showing amount of land-level change in meters after the 1960 Valdivia earthquake (after Plafker and Savage, 1970). Terms of Service |  About 3,000 people were injured. Other recent earthquakes have caused more damage and loss of life, however. Map showing the extent of the tsunami generated by the Chile earthquake of 1960. The Japan earthquake of 2011 had a magnitude of 9.0; it spawned a tsunami that killed an estimated 19,300 people in Japan and knocked out the electrical power to Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, creating the world’s second most serious nuclear emergency. On May 22, 1960, the largest earthquake in recorded history—magnitude 9.5—struck southern Chile. The quake left about 2 million people homeless. 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