importance of cereal crops

According to Fungo (2009), banana especially the orange pulped type with high carotenoid and iron content could reduce iron deficiency anemia by over 50% and also vitamin A deficiency in East Africa, where a large part of the population lack iron and vitamin A. Banana and plantain are considered to be healthy foods as they are also rich in essential nutrients for humans. https://www.ceplas.eu/en/discover/competence-area-food-security/conference-on-food-for-future/.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2017.11.066, Massawe FJ, Mayes S, Cheng A, Chai HH, Cleasby P, Symonds R, Ho WK, Siise A, Wong QN, Kendabie P, Yanusa Y, Jamalluddin N, Singh A, Azman R, Azam-Ali SN (2015) The potential for underutilised crops to improve food security in the face of climate change.

Some nutrients are lost during food preparation, especially vigorous washing, soaking, and cooking methods, which result in the depletion of the nutrients on the skin of the grains. Do you want the best of science-backed health & nutrition information in your inbox? Nowadays, public–private partnership (PPP) is considered as an effective mechanism to bring together the public and the private sectors towards enhancing agricultural sustainability in the developing world.

PubMed  Accessed 29 Jan 2019, Sanginga N, Lyasse O, Singh BB (2000) Phosphorus use efficiency and nitrogen balance of cowpea breeding lines in a low P soil of the derived savanna zone in West Africa.

Botanically, these fruits are called ‘caryopsis’ and are structurally divided into endosperm, germ, and bran. Food Secur 7(3):709–724. Like major crops, there are members of all food types—cereals, legumes, vegetables and root and tuber crops, that are considered to be orphan crops.

https://www.croptrust.org/our-work/svalbard-global-seed-vault/. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Ragi, millets, jowar, and bajra have high amounts of minerals and fiber. Examples of advanced research on selected orphan crops are shown in Table 3. (ISBN: 9251032173), Bhushan D, Pandey A, Choudhary MK, Datta A, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N (2007) Comparative proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins in chickpea extracellular matrix during dehydration stress. This 40% more of tef farmers over wheat farmers and about 70% more area allocated to tef compared to wheat shows the importance of tef in the Ethiopian agriculture. Scientifica 2018:1451894, Tadele Z (2019) Challenges of food security for orphan crops. A good amount of phosphorous, called phytin, is present in cereals.

Cereals usually have 6-12% protein but they lack lysine. Since abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and heat as well as climate change substantially affect the productivity of crops and food security, future research should also focus on developing resistance or tolerance against these environmental calamities. It is used as the staple food in most of the countries and restaurants all over the globe prepare lip-smacking rice recipes that are truly appetizing. Alternatively, biofortification of staple food crops with essential nutrients can be made to enhance the nutrient content and/or remove undesirable food quality traits. Banana is extensively cultivated in Asia, Africa and South America. Ever since the beginning of agriculture, cereals have provided unlimited health benefits as a staple food in our diet. For infants, iron-fortified cereals are said to be the premium solid foods. Constraints which are directly related to some orphan crops are the following. In: Singh M, Upadhyaya HD, Bisht IS (eds) Genetic and genomic resources of Grain Legume improvement. Accessed 3 Feb 2019, Ceballos H, Iglesias CA, Perez JC, Dixon AGO (2004) Cassava breeding: opportunities and challenges. Food security is based on four pillars: (1) food availability which refers to the availability of sufficient quantities; (2) food access which refers to having sufficient resources for acquiring appropriate food for a nutritious diet; (3) stability which refers to availability and accessibility of quality food at all times; and (4) utilization which refers to the appropriate use of food based knowledge of basic nutrition and care, as well as adequate water and sanitation (FAO 2006). The germ encloses the protease enzymes. 2014) or baobab (Adansonia digitate), which is a multi-purpose tree with leaves rich in iron and fruits rich in vitamin C (Sanchez 2018). Nature Plants 4(10):766–770. Other omic tools which include transcriptomics and proteomics have been used to describe gene expression profiles of some orphan crops. However, orphan crops are not without constraints. Widely cultivated crops such as cassava and grass pea produce toxic compounds that affect the health of human and/or livestock. EIAR-University of Bern, Bern, pp 53–65, Esfeld K, Uauy C, Tadele Z (2013b) Application of TILLING for Orphan Crop Improvement. National Academies Press, Washington, DC, O’Connor A (2016) Is teff the new super grain? Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, You can also search for this author in Africa is the center of origin and also a major producer of several cereals like sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, teff and African rice. Cereals also have soluble bran that aids in lowering blood cholesterol levels and keeping heart diseases at bay.

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