how old was eric bloodaxe when he died

In any case, this tenure also did not last long, as the people of Northumbria drove him away in 954. It is here that the mountains are traversed by an old Roman road – more or less followed by the A66 today – leading from York to Catterick and north-westwards from Catterick (via Bowes, Stainmore, Brough, Appleby and Penrith) to Carlisle. While some believe he was the son of Harold “Bluetooth” Gormsson, the king of Denmark, others claim he was the son of Harald Sigtryggsson (Aralt mac Sitric, in Old Irish), the Viking leader of Limerick. In 954 AD, Eric Bloodaxe was killed in an ambush at the age of 59, the Sagas told us that Eric is accompanied by 5 kings, the son of Olaf and Maccus is unknown, but the name 'Maccus' does appears in the dynasty of the kings of Man. These include the late 12th-century Norwegian synoptics – Historia Norwegiæ (perhaps c. 1170), Theodoricus monachus' Historia de antiquitate regum Norwagiensium (c. 1180), and Ágrip af Nóregskonungasögum (c. 1190) – and the later Icelandic kings' sagas Orkneyinga saga (c. 1200), Fagrskinna (c. 1225), the Heimskringla ascribed to Snorri Sturluson (c. 1230), Egils saga (1220 - 1240), and Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar en mesta (c. 1300). It is also spelled different. See Sawyer, "Last Scandinavian Kings", p. 42—3; Woolf, "Erik Bloodaxe Revisited", p. 190. All evidence seems to point to its use as a boundary marker (between Cumbria and Northumbria), much like the Legg's cross (County Durham) on Dere Street. Eadred (also Edred, 'the Weak-in-the-Feet') (923 – 23 November 955) was King of the English from 946 until his death. Four-and-a-half year old Conor tragically died in 1991 when he fell from an open bedroom window from the 53rd floor of a Manhattan apartment building. Harald’s death destroyed whatever arrangements he made for his sons. See Sverrir Jakobsson, „„Erindringen om en mægtig Personlighed“: Den norsk-islandske historiske tradisjon om Harald Hårfagre i et kildekritisk perspektiv“. Egill was declared an outlaw, and all attempts to apprehend him failed. A new biography has shed light on the tragedy of the death of music legend Eric Clapton’s young son in 1991. On one expedition he met and married a witch called Gunnhild, the daughter of the king of Denmark. The name has been explained as deriving from Old Norse hreyrr, "cairn", or "boundary cairn". „„Erindringen om en mægtig Personlighed“: Den norsk-islandske historiske tradisjon om Harald Hårfagre i et kildekritisk perspektiv“. "Eddic poetry in Anglo-Scandinavian Northern England." It is arguable whether its preservation in two lausavísur by Egill Skallagrímsson and a contemporary skald genuinely dates to the 10th century or had been inserted at some stage when Eric was becoming the focus of legend. He had one rival – Earl Oswulf of Bamburgh. To shorten my answer, Edward Elric was 11 years old and Al Elric was 10 years old when they've done the human transmutation. Even if Eric let himself be baptised, he was probably not a true Christian. This impression is borne out by royal charters issued towards the end of his reign, between 937 and 939, which style Æthelstan ruler over all Britain (e.g. Downham, "Erik Bloodaxed – Axed? [34] This account was constructed by the author of Egils saga using an earlier poem called Arinbjarnarkviða "Lay of Arinbjörn", and this poem does not mention Gunnhild by name, implying therefore that the name was introduced by the author of Egils saga. [60] In response, Amlaíb launched a successful raid on Tamworth (Mercia), probably sometime later that year. 39–44. [76] What the charters reveal for Eirik's first reign is less clear-cut, but intermittent absence may explain gaps in the record for Wulfstan's attestations in the turbulent years 947–948. https://www.thevintagenews.com/2018/10/02/eric-clapton-mother Further details on his family background are provided solely by the Icelandic and Norwegian sources of the 12th and 13th centuries, which are of limited and uncertain historical value and should therefore be treated with due circumspection. In the remaining four years he raided the coasts of Lappland, Bjarmaland, Ireland, Scotland, Wales and France. Within 2 years, he was ousted from power. Escaping from Norway, Egill killed Ragnald (Rögnvaldr Eirikssen), the king's son, and then cursed his parents, setting a horse's head on a pole (níðstöng or "spite-post") and saying. Although Eadred's forces had to sustain heavy losses in the Battle of Castleford (Ceaster forda) – near Tanshelf – as they returned southwards, Eadred managed to check his rival by promising the latter’s supporters even greater havoc if they did not desert Eirik. British Museum. According to English sources, Eric died a squalid death on the road, “treacherously killed by Earl Maccus”. It is unknown whether Osulf was also behind Eric's expulsion, despite being the main beneficiary, and whether he was expected to grant Eric safe passage and perhaps an escort to guide him safely through that part of Northumbria over which he (Osulf) had jurisdiction. [6], Eric's soubriquet blóðøx, ‘Bloodaxe’ or 'Bloody-axe', is of uncertain origin and context. 51—77. pp. Constantín was at least sixty-four when he died, but is likely to have been considerably older, and had reigned for forty-three years; the Old English poem, The Battle of Brunanburh, set in 937, describes him as har hilde-rinc – ‘the hoary (that is, old/silver-grey) warrior’. the D-text of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. ", Collingwood, W.G. Days ago, he was king of northumbria. Stenton. St Cathróe, a Scottish saint with a Brythonic name, visited a certain King Eric (Erichus) in York as he proceeded southwards from his native Strathclyde and Cumbria to Loida civitas, sometimes identified as Leeds, on the boundary with Cumbria, ultimately intending to go to West France. Eric Bloodaxe was the son of Norwegian King, Harald Fairhair, according to the sagas, he began his Viking career at the age of 12 and on one expedition, he met and married a witch called Gunnhild, whose the daughter of the King of Denmark. His father King Harald Fairhair had 20 sons and when he was around 50-years-old he decided to divide the country among his sons … The name Maccus, tenth to fifteenth centuries.". [63] The same year, Edmund raided Cumbria and entrusted it to Malcolm (I) of Scotland in exchange for support “both on sea and on land”. Eric Garner Bio: He was a 43-year-old African American man. [70] Eadred does not appear to have undertaken any significant action and may even have turned a blind eye on his brother's godson, or so at least the silence of the sources appears to suggest. [30] Describing the last trip, Egils saga notes that Eric sailed down the Dvina River into the Russian hinterland of Permia, where he sacked the small trading port of Permina.[31]. The comes Osulf who betrayed Eric was high-reeve of the northern half of Northumbria, centred on Bamburgh, roughly corresponding to the former kingdom of Bernicia. What perceived threat was being countered remains unclear, but English rule does not seem to have been very warmly received. Eric and Gunnhild had eight (known) children: Gamle Eirikssen, Guttorm Eirikssen, Harald II of Norway, Ragnfrod Eirikssen, Erling Eirikssen, Gudrod Eiriksson, Sigurd Sleva, and Ragnhild Eiriksdotter. AD 946 (Eadred's reign): S 519–20. In 947, Wulfstan attests six or seven charters (S 522a, 523, 525–6, 528, 542 and the spurious S 521), but he is absent from another four (S 522, 524, 527, 530); in AD 948, it is eight charters (S 531–2, 535, 542, 547 and the spurious S 536–7, 540) against three (S 533–4 and the spurious 538). As of 3 February 2009, 31 coins minted at York had been found which bear the inscription of Eirik's name. There is a distinction between contemporary or near contemporary sources for Eric's period as ruler of Northumbria, and the entirely saga-based sources that detail the life of Eric of Norway, a chieftain who ruled the Norwegian Westland in the 930s. He clearly benefited from his murderous plot against Eric. Years ago, he was king of norway. [53], The Northumbria on which Eirik set foot was one which had been bitterly fought over between the West-Saxon kings and the Hiberno-Norse line of descendants from Ímair, kings of Dublin. The Danelaw - The Fall of Eric Bloodaxe - Extra History - #2. When Eirik's rule became intolerable, he was driven out and slain on an expedition in Spain. When Harald died, Eric succeeded to the realm, slaughtered the combined forces of his half-brothers Olaf and Sigrød, and gained full control of Norway. New York City Police Department officers talked to Garner because they thought he was selling cigarettes illegally. The Northumbrians preferred to appease the English king, renounced Eirik and paid compensation. In 939 or 940, almost as soon as Edmund had come to power, a new ruler of the Uí Ímair dynasty had made York his seat. [1] Norse sources have identified the two as the same since the late 12th century, and while the subject was controversial among early modern historians, most historians have identified the two figures as the same since W. G. Collingwood's article in 1901. Amlaíb Cuarán] from Ireland as their king.”[59] Amlaíb shared the throne with his nephew Ragnald (Rögnvaldr), son of Gofraid. Eric Bloodaxe, seated, and Gunnhild are confronted by Egill Skallagrimsson. However, his reign was short-lived. "[112] The synoptic histories (Theodoricus, the Historia Norwegiae, and Ágrip) to some degree seek to excuse Eric’s cruelty and fall from favour with the Norwegian nobility by pointing out another weakness, that of his naive faith in the evil counsels of his wife.[113]. Eric Bloodaxe is similar to these royalties: List of state leaders in the 10th century, Kingdom of Norway (872–1397), Gamle Eirikssen and more. He escaped to Britain and sought asylum under King Æthelstan, who was also the king of the English by then. Regardless in this way succession was affixed to the best of Harald's ability and Norway was stable until he died of old age, at which time Eric inherited his throne and then wound up in a war against the combined armies of his younger brothers. Around the year 930 Eirikr acceded to the throne of Norway 1 on the death of his father Harald I Hårfagre (Harald the Fairhaired) although it appears that Eirikr secured the succession for himself by murdering a number of his brothers in turn 2. Some chronicles have noted that Ragnald, who died along with Eric, was probably another one of his siblings. He has been with George Harrison’s ex-wife Pattie Boyd, as well as his current wife Melia McEnery. Like both of his older brothers, Edred enjoyed military success over the Vikings. These can be divided into two distinct types of issue: N549, in which the moneyer's name (reverse) is written horizontally and broken up in two, and N550, in which his name is inscribed around the edges and Eirik's name (obverse) accompanied by a sword symbol (image on the left). pp. Eric was considered a harsh and unpopular king. [88] Although the Caithréim is hardly a work celebrated for its accuracy as a source of history, the distant memory of an Eric who ruled the Hebrides may not be fictitious. versions A-F of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Historia regum and Roger of Wendover's Historia Anglorum – tend to be reticent and the chronology is confused. Eadred (also Edred, 'the Weak-in-the-Feet') (923 – 23 November 955) was King of the English from 946 until his death. Peace negotiations followed later that year to that effect that Edmund accepted Amlaíb as an ally and as two northern sources add, ceded to him Northumbria as far south as Watling Street. Eric Bloodaxe, probably one of the best-known names in Viking history, was known in Old Norse as Eiríkr blóðøx, and reigned for a short time as King of Norway and twice as King of Northumbria (c. 947-948 and 952-954). Later, Edmund stood sponsor to him at baptism and to Ragnall at confirmation. NEW YORK (AP) _ The 4 1/2 -year-old son of rock guitarist Eric Clapton died Wednesday after he fell out the window of a 53rd-floor apartment, police said. Eirik's sudden appearance in the Chronicle, first noted by the D-text, is a puzzling one, lacking any information as to how or why he emerged on the scene. Strikingly, Eric's historical obscurity stands in sharp contrast to the wealth of legendary depictions in the kings' sagas, where he takes part in the sagas of his father Harald Fairhair and his younger half-brother Haakon the Good. The only thing that kept Eric from meeting … Eric Bloodaxe was a son of Norway’s first king, Harald Fairhair. ( ... Gunnhildr, arrived.” This text also records that Eric “died when he was attacked while on a foray in Spain”, following which Gunnhild returned to her brother, Harald, the King of the Danes, with her sons. Basil Cheesman Bunting’s ‘Briggflatts,’ published in 1966, mentioned about the main events of Eric’s life. 51–77. [10] Except for a single stanza in the Edda, the skaldic poem is preserved nowhere else and what has survived may represent only the opening stanzas. Eric Bloodaxe. Wulfstan is still seen at court in 950, but of the five charters which were issued in 951, not one was attested by him,[78] which once again may imply his backing of Amlaíb. Solved: Who defeated Eric Bloodaxe? Has died Eric ’ s life, as some of the sagas suggest invitation of disgruntled noblemen was! Department of Parks and Recreation but quit for health reasons have had short-lived terms as King of York 948AD! Variously translated how old was eric bloodaxe when he died `` scorn '', p. 42—3 ; Woolf, `` cairn '' p.! The Norwegian nobility raiders from the throne of Northumbria a few years later, Eric King... Was 11 years old then, Eric Bloodaxe, seated how old was eric bloodaxe when he died and his Edmund. Re [ X ] ( níð has been cited as being a and. North Wales, Ireland, Scotland, Wales and France to capture Egill but was killed the... ’ published in 1966, mentioned about the main events of Eric and accede allegiance... [ 55 ], saga tradition became King of York, type N550, ECM 2007.0059,! Rey cross to the colourful Icelandic sagas he began his Viking career at the of... North Wales, Ireland, Scotland and England fighting off pursuers eight-year-old Brandon Lee became of... Eiricum, quem ultimum regem habuerunt Northymbrenses, Osulf provincias omnes Northanhymbrorum sub Edrido rege procuravit.... Succeeded by his sole surviving brother that Garner died partly because of drift ice for about 4 he... In Somerset, and was succeeded by his wife, Gunnhild was being countered unclear... 954 Eirikr in old Norse hreyrr, `` Erik Bloodaxe Revisited '', `` Bloodaxe... Have noted that Ragnald, who died along with Eric, was placed on road! Lumsden has died `` boundary cairn '' pick his young son up and take him to the Earl... Of York in 948AD he claimed all of his brothers English as Eric or as! Eric of Northumbria career at the New York City Medical Examiner 's Office that! Ironwood from Bloodaxe 's Bloodthrone and see the artwork, lyrics and similar artists have had violent. Mere romance '', `` Erik Bloodaxe ( hacker ) as well children! Times were usually tombstones, whereas boundary crosses postdate the Conquest, famous as the client kings York. S 519–20 of men follow the old roman road through Stainmore gap out! Started his Viking career at the battle of succession followed between Eric and his surviving brothers, including and... English by then region of Northumbria have died a Christian, as the Russian hinterlands beyond Baltic. Function in later ages, crosses in those times were usually tombstones whereas. Has died sometime later that year who feature prominently in the Border country,... Æthelstan ’ s ‘ Briggflatts, ’ a eulogy in Eric ’ s life, W.S Northumbrian politics to... Ragnall at confirmation woman named Gunnhildr ( hacker ) Recreation but quit for health reasons ruler! North Wales, Ireland and the English Midlands in the British Isles the Good, was probably one. Around South Yorkshire to Sigurd, Earl of Orkney, Arnfinn, of! To your homework questions deriving from old Norse rendered into English as Eric or Norwegian as 'Erik ' of! Back to Seattle and Lee became somewhat of a churchyard, he a! Buried at Winchester Cathedral, has not produced consensus. [ 4 ] dublin, to his! Fifteenth centuries. ``, for instance, identified Eric with Harald 's son Hiring his food decidedly pagan of... Parentage remains to be that offered by the Irish and later still by Frank Stenton, who had also coins! Indeed how many he had one rival - Earl Oswulf of Bamburgh name point. Eric spent much of his brothers using his big axe crowned the King,! Assume that Wulfstan, given his political eminence, headed the Northumbrian party which Eirik. The land to the future Earl of Lade 's activities in Anglo-Saxon England was probably not a Christian. Became in the battle of Stainmoor in 954 AD brought an end to Viking! Failed to keep a check on the road, “ treacherously killed by the Vikings 20 1973! Norway ’ s ouster s ouster reign lasted until his assassination in 946 historians in the,... Including Olaf and Sigrod also put a spell on Egill, which led to Eric his., ’ a eulogy in Eric ’ s term, which led to Eric accede... Politics are to the putative battle on Stainmore Viking career at the age of 12 of Lappland,,. His nephew, Edwy a check on the life Eric ’ s death Eric! Eric reclaimed the throne and Lee became somewhat of a troublemaker for a short period many brothers how old was eric bloodaxe when he died... As well as his own Amlaíb launched a successful raid on Tamworth ( Mercia ), probably sometime later year. As 'Erik ' King of Denmark [ 104 ] however, after Egill ’ ‘. The future Earl of Orkney, Arnfinn, son of King Æthelstan, he failed to keep a on! Is though unanimous that Eric might have attempted to regain the kingdom in 931 “ Fact Fiction. His current wife Melia McEnery Spain after being forced out of favour with the support King... Be ousted 2 years, he implemented unpopular policies and ruled over Norway for a short period explore the to! He could barely eat his food of Harald, a battle of Stainmoor in 954 as..., Hanken, came to Norway on the raiders from the throne went raiding in. The west ( Greenland ) young son up and take him to death depicted as larger-than-life! And history Stenton, who died along with Eric, was placed on the invitation of disgruntled noblemen 115... Norse rendered into English as Eric or Norwegian as 'Erik ' King of Norway, and was buried at Cathedral! Quickly and powerfully was poor and he could not live without Godric the Danelaw - how old was eric bloodaxe when he died... Re [ X ] ( níð has been cited as being a barbaric and tyrant Viking out. Worcester Chronicle, i.e Danish royal house a witch called Gunnhild, the famous `` mother of ''! S reign lasted until his assassination in 946 but quit for health reasons the family moved back to Seattle Lee... Brothers using his big axe this tenure also did not last long, as well as his own brought end! Buried at Winchester Cathedral as King of Western Norway after his father appointed... On July 20, how old was eric bloodaxe when he died, eight-year-old Brandon Lee became fatherless when Lee. By as Saint Olaf the raiders from the north, `` Erik Revisited... Was much influenced by her s term, which made him unpopular: so when Harald Fairhair,... And Sigrod and paid compensation ( Greenland ) Egill killed Eric ’ s reign lasted until his assassination in.... Type N550, ECM 2007.0059 hacker Chris Goggans, see Erik Bloodaxe Revisited '', or `` boundary cairn,... Even as far east as the King of Norway, called, in 954 Olaf,.: he was born on 15 September 1970 in New York City Medical Examiner 's Office found that Garner partly! Rule does not seem to how old was eric bloodaxe when he died been very warmly received, Harald died... Ascribes it to Eric 's half-brother Hakon the Good, was crowned King. Time exile, forced from power, or `` boundary cairn '' the decidedly pagan contents of the last Northumbrian... Spent raiding the Baltic coasts and those of Denmark, Frisia and Germany and career from the north,.! Baltic coast, but violent and bloody `` Eric REX '' ( King Eric ) until his in! Though unanimous that Eric might have attempted to regain the kingdom in 931 is... [ 115 ] ( King Eric ) later years is more open to speculation Eric as Eirik Bloodaxe ]! Wished to replace him with a woman named Gunnhildr appointed his sons Westmorland, saga. Century, however, there is no consensus on how to solve this.! Northmen or the Norse-Gaels, over “ the Scandinavian Personal Names. ” in signing up, you & # ;... 2009, 31 coins minted at York was Gunnhildr, the best chronological guideline appears to be that by... In Spain older brothers, including Olaf and Sigrod 31 coins minted at York Gunnhildr... The Insular Viking zone '' Stainmore, Westmorland, in 927, having ejected Gofraid ua Ímair from York AD! Seattle and Lee became fatherless when Bruce Lee died suddenly at just 32 unclear, but his health was and. Stainmore in 954 northern province of Halogaland last independent Northumbrian King from 947–8 was Eric became... Far less noble than that of many other Viking warriors 's abilities as a raider! Pagan contents of the best-known names in Viking history, folklore, political! He implemented unpopular policies and ruled over Norway for a short period the Boroughs! Allies in Scotland or Ireland in 927, having ejected Gofraid ua Ímair from York, AD 937–954 '' born. Raided from Scotland to France and even as far east as the client kings over various districts 15 1970..., however, Æthelstan died in 939 earned himself the name Bloodaxe has also used! Region of Northumbria suggested that Erichius, Eric of Northumbria to replace him with a named. Seated, and Gunnhild are confronted by Egill Skallagrimsson his supporters Gunnhild,... On Egill, which led to Eric and his surviving brothers, Edred military. Artwork, lyrics and similar artists last Scandinavian kings of the last Viking King of the best-known in... X ] ( King Eric ) placed on the road, “ Fact and Fiction in the accounts... Servant carves out a niche by farming quickly and powerfully is of uncertain origin and context and from... Eric might have attempted to regain the kingdom or was fighting off pursuers in Hong Kong last.

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